Panel Data Analysis of U.S. Coal Productivity
نویسندگان
چکیده
We analyze labor productivity in coal mining in the United States using indices of productivity change associated with the concepts of panel data modeling. This approach is valuable when there is extensive heterogeneity in production units, as with coal mines. We ̄nd substantial returns to scale for coal mining in all geographical regions, and ̄nd that smooth technical progress is exhibited by estimates of the ̄xed e®ects for coal mining. We carry out a variety of diagnostic analyses of our basic model and primary modeling assumptions, using recently proposed methods for addressing `errors-in-variables' and `weak instrument bias' problems, as well a new method for studying errors-in-variables in nonlinear contexts.
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